Abstract
为明确不同 Wx 基因对小麦直链淀粉含量的影响以及筛选面条品质优异的基因型,以糯小麦品系Caiwx (aabbdd)为3个 Wx 基因隐性突变供体亲本,以扬麦01-2 (AABBDD)为轮回亲本,利用连续回交结合花粉碘染、STS标记和同工酶标记检测方法,创制了8种 Wx 基因纯合基因型的近等基因系,其基因型分别为AABBDD、AABBdd、AAbbDD、AAbbdd、aaBBDD、aaBBdd、aabbDD和aabbdd。利用这些基因型探讨了不同 Wx 基因对直链淀粉含量及面条感官品质的影响。结果表明,各系的直链淀粉含量为0.9%~24.8%,系间差异显著;糯小麦型(aabbdd)直链淀粉含量最低,双缺失型和单缺失型其次,双缺失型中aaBBdd型含量最高,单缺失型中AAbbDD型含量最低,表明 Wx - B1 对直链淀粉的合成作用最大。糯小麦型面条的色泽、表观、软硬度、黏性、韧性得分以及总分显著低于其他类型及轮回亲本扬麦01-2;单缺失型面条的色泽、表观得分、总分显著高于轮回亲本扬麦01-2,其中aaBBDD型面条品质表现突出,与市售优质面条粉“雪花粉”制作的面条得分相当,而其他7种基因型及轮回亲本扬麦01-2的面条评分均显著低于雪花粉。说明可以通过遗传操作 Wx 基因培育优质面条小麦品种。
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