Abstract
Microcapsules made of hard carbon films were fabricated for electron microscopicobservations of liquid-like samples such as biological cells/molecules in water solution andliquid crystals. 4-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl) phenyl--octyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate (MHPOBC) liquid crystals housed in the capsulewere observed by transmission electron microscopy at 120 kV accelerating voltage.From the series of electron diffraction patterns, the rate of electron irradiationdamage was estimated for the cases of changing sample temperature, beamcurrent density and accelerating voltage. Phase transitions from a crystallinephase to liquid crystalline phases such as an isotropic-A phase of a smectic state(Sm-IA) and a chiral-A phaseof a smectic state (Sm-CA*) were successfully observed and the rotation fluctuation of the molecules in the phase wasmeasured by using the electron diffraction patterns.
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