Development of Methodological Approaches to Organizing Monitoring of Road Traffic Noise Exposure of the Population

Abstract

Introduction: Residents of modern cities and settlements are constantly exposed to noise. Excessive noise mainly attributed to road traffic ranks high among the complaints of the general population about living conditions. Careful selection of measuring sites plays an important role in monitoring noise exposure of the population. Current regulations and guidelines set the requirements for measuring and evaluating noise levels in a territory but provide no common approach to determining and selecting priority areas and noise measurement points, to establishing and substantiating appropriate observation periods, and to assessing health risks based on the exposure data. Materials and methods: In situ measurements were taken in residential areas of the historical center (four observation groups with 12 addresses) and new districts of the city (two observation groups with six addresses). Noise levels were measured at three points per address with three 5-minute measurements at a height of 1.5 ± 0.1 m above the ground taken per point. Points with the highest noise exposure levels were selected for organization of acoustic monitoring. Results and discussion: Six major observation groups were formed at 18 urban addresses. The results of measurement showed that statistically significant comparable levels of equivalent and maximum sound were registered in each group based on the same criteria and standard indicators. Grouping of addresses with similar or identical characteristics of observation zones will enable establishing noise exposures without conducting full-scale measurements. Additional observation groups can be formed in the presence of other indicators. Grouping of priority zones by location in observation groups will help register noise levels with minimal effort. Conclusions: Priority zones, points, periods of monitoring and surveillance in observation groups were established and justified. The findings served as the basis for elaboration of method approaches to monitoring and surveillance of road traffic noise exposure. Application of these approaches will contribute to increasing the efficiency of monitoring noise exposures of the population.