Abstract
A range of environmentally advantageous low-cost carbon materials, including pulverized fuel ashes (PFA) and chars derived from different waste streams, were examined as the potential sorbents for use in mercury capture by sorbent injection. The test results demonstrated large variations in mercury retention among the fly ash samples examined, with those generated from burning bituminous coals having the best performance in general. By and large, the mercury retention capacity of fly ash appears to be mainly determined by its unburned carbon content and, to some extent, also by the chemical and morphological properties of its mineral matter. For the char samples examined, it was found that those from the gasification of paper waste materials displayed the best performance. Without any further treatment, the wastepaper-derived char materials outperformed the benchmark Norit-Darco FGD carbon by a factor of 2, in terms of mercury retention capacities. Although steam activation and KMnO4 impregnation can both...
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