Abstract
Since the work on Joseph Schumpeter’s entrepreneurial theory in the process of creative destruction, many works have been devoted to innovation. However, this previous work often approached innovation from an organizational point of view with a technical orientation. But today innovation covers all sectors of economic activity or not. In addition, we can see that this research on innovation has been more active and implemented in developed countries. On the other hand, some work; have been done in developing country, which shows a low level of innovation development. Therefore, to fill the gap in African literature, the purpose of this article is timely to develop a model of innovation policy for low-income countries in general, and for West and North African countries in particular. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to make the diagnosis at the level of African countries in terms of innovation, in order to solve problems related to the challenges of innovation on this continent. Finally, relevant recommendations ranging from the meaning of an effective implementation of the proposed innovation policy through a mechanism and a verification algorithm for a positive economic and social impact.
Highlights
Innovation policy is progressing in African countries
To fill the gap in African literature, the purpose of this article is timely to develop a model of innovation policy for low-income countries in general, and for West and North African countries in particular
Speaking of the innovation policy in West Africa, involves talking about the different periods and different economic policies implemented since the 1960s
Summary
Innovation policy is progressing in African countries. It is seen as a lasting solution to the many economic and social challenges Africa is facing and an effective policy for promoting innovation needs to be put in place. A.) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] have studied innovation in developing countries in its aspect of the general indicator on economic performance and competitiveness. In this context, why is it so difficult to develop, finance and implement real innovation policies in West Africa? Based on the inventory of the existing level of innovation, we make relevant recommendations for a more reasonable innovation policy and adapted to low-income countries in general and to West and North Africa in particular
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