Abstract
In the result of the analysis of domestic experience over the last 10 years of foreign experience (for example, 9 countries: Vietnam, India, Spain, Canada, China, Norway, USA, Chile, Japan, which possess the most advanced technologies and equipment for highly efficient production of feed for fish) in the development of innovative technologies and equipment for production of high-performance fish feeds were identified that the methods both dry and wet pressing are outdated and do not meet modern requirements in the production of fish feeds since it does not allow a deep physical-chemical transformations in protein-carbohydrate complex and exercise enter fat components at 40 %. Modern fish technologies are based on the use of extrusion processing of multicomponent mixture to give different buoyancy and adjustable rate of immersion of the resulting feed. Extrusion technology will allow to introduce a large amount of fat into the product - up to 35-40 %, to achieve 100 % starch splitting level. Based on the study of the nutrition of the canal catfish grown in the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation, the nutritional value of each of the components of the feed mixture, providing the need for fish to ensure a significant increase in the growth of live mass and improve the chemical composition of meat, was assessed for different age groups. To solve this problem, the "Feed Optima Expert" optimization program has developed products of extruded feed. Food needs of canal som: 30 - 40 percent protein, 4 - 6 percent fat, no more than 5 percent fiber, 35 - 40 percent Nosazotic Extract substances and 12 - 13 thousand kilos of Joule digestible energy in 1 kilogram (in recalculation on dry matter).
Highlights
In accordance with the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on January 30, 2010 No 120, the share of consumption of domestic fish products in the total amount of fish resources of the domestic market should be at least 80 percent
The planned increase in the production of commercial fish products will require a proportional increase in the production of specialized fish feed, namely, to achieve these target indicators of the industry program for these objects of commercial fish farming will require 200.0 thousand tons of specialized feed for an estimated amount of 13.0 billion rubles
Value of the indicator for mixed feed production for fish weighing up to 50 g for fish weighing more than 50 g
Summary
In accordance with the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on January 30, 2010 No 120, the share (threshold value) of consumption of domestic fish products in the total amount of fish resources (taking into account the shifting reserves) of the domestic market should be at least 80 percent. The industry program "Development of commercial aquaculture (commodity fish farming) in the Russian Federation for 2015–2020" envisages an increase of 3.9 times in the production of commercial fish by 2020: from 40.1 thousand tons in 2015 to 156.4 thousand tons [1-3, 8, 9]. The planned increase in the production of commercial fish products will require a proportional increase in the production of specialized fish feed, namely, to achieve these target indicators of the industry program for these objects of commercial fish farming will require 200.0 thousand tons of specialized feed for an estimated amount of 13.0 billion rubles. Subject to a full import substitution of fish feed, the volume of Russian feed production should be increased by 13.3 times [2, 5-7, 14-16]. Due to the high cost of such feed, the cost of commercial fish products increases significantly [4, 10-13]
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