Abstract
The level of human serum albumin (HSA) in biological fluids is a key health indicator and its quantitative determination has great clinical importance. In this study, we developed a selective and sensitive fluorescent HSA probe by fluorescence-based high-throughput screening of a set of fluorescent thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5(4H)-one derivatives against major plasma proteins: HSA, bovine serum albumin (BSA), globulin, fibrinogen, and transferrin. The fluorophore chosen finally (4) showed noticeable fluorescence enhancement in the presence of HSA (160-fold increase), and it exhibited rapid response, high sensitivity (detection limit 8 nM), and the ability to clearly distinguish HSA from BSA in pH 9 buffer condition. Moreover, the probe could be applicable to detect trace amounts of HSA in an artificial urine sample; further, it might be applied to the determination of the HSA concentration in complex biological samples for pre-clinical diagnosis.
Highlights
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in blood plasma; generally, its concentration is maintained at levels 35–55 g/L in normal serum and 30 mg/L in normal urine
We explored theBSA, application of this fluorescent probe fibrinogen to the detection trace plasma, transferrin from human, hemoglobin from human, haptoglobin from human, chymotrypsin amounts of HSA spiked in artificial urine
To find a fluorophore having a high selectivity toward HSA, we screened fourteen KF derivatives against major plasma proteins (HSA, bovine serum albumin (BSA), γ-globulin, fibrinogen, and transferrin) using a microplate reader
Summary
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in blood plasma; generally, its concentration is maintained at levels 35–55 g/L in normal serum and 30 mg/L in normal urine. HSA has multiple functions in the human body: it plays a major role in maintaining the oncotic pressure and in the transport of various drugs and metabolites [1,2,3,4,5,6]. An abnormal HSA level in a body fluid can be closely associated with many health problems. Microalbuminuria (high level of HSA in urine) is related to kidney disease in diabetes mellitus and hypertension [9,10]. HSA concentration is a key health-related indicator and its quantitation in biological fluids is of great significance for diagnosis [11]
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