Abstract
Roads are currently essential links of communication and economic development. However, these roads are progressively requiring higher quality materials, implying a greater impact on the environment, in order to withstand the high levels of heavy vehicle traffic. Therefore, this research proposes the use of industrial by-products to create bituminous mixtures which are more resistant and durable than traditional ones. The industrial by-products used, are electric arc furnace slag, ladle furnace slag, and cellulose fibers from the papermaking industry. These by-products were physically and chemically characterized to be used to conform with bituminous mixtures. At the same time, bituminous mixtures were conformed with conventional materials, thus being able to compare the physical and mechanical properties of the conformed mixtures through different tests. The results showed how the use of cellulose fibers made it possible to absorb a greater percentage of bitumen, as well as the use of electric arc furnace slag and ladle furnace slag created mixtures, with greater Marshall stability. Therefore, sustainable, durable, resistant, and high waste mixtures were developed in this investigation.
Highlights
At the present time, roads are progressively being loaded more heavily due to the increase in heavy vehicle traffic, as these infrastructures are the essential communication links for the transport of goods over medium and short distances [1]
The environmental impact caused by these infrastructures is mainly due to the modification of the landscape, the extraction of enormous quantities of raw materials, the emissions produced during their working lives by continuous vehicle traffic, as well as the waste which is obtained after the ageing of the materials which make up the road [3,4]
It is logical to think that new pavements which are more sustainable with the environment should be developed, but which at the same time do not involve a sacrifice of mechanical characteristics [5]
Summary
Roads are progressively being loaded more heavily due to the increase in heavy vehicle traffic, as these infrastructures are the essential communication links for the transport of goods over medium and short distances [1]. In order to manufacture these mixes in a more sustainable way, different types of binders and additives have been used to reduce the conforming temperature [7], since usually for the manufacture of hot mix asphalt, the aggregates and the binder must be heated to temperatures of around 180 ◦ C, with the consequent consumption of fossil fuels and the relevant CO2 emissions [8]. These techniques with lower conforming temperatures have been successfully carried out; in most cases they involve sacrificing mechanical properties. The higher requirement for quality mixtures in most cases is incompatible with this technique [9]
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