Development of high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technologies

Abstract

Economic, efficient and safe hydrogen storage is the key to hydrogen economy. High pressure gaseous hydrogen storage offers the simplest solution in terms of infrastructure requirements and has become the most popular and highly developed method. There are three types of high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage vessel, namely: stationary, vehicular, and bulk transportation. First, recent progress toward low-cost, large capacity and light-weight on high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage vessels is reviewed. Then, three important aspects of high pressure gaseous hydrogen safety, i.e., hydrogen embrittlement of metals at room temperature, temperature rise in hydrogen fast filling, and potential risks such as diffusion, deflagration, and detonation after hydrogen leakage are introduced. A concise overview of the development on code and standard for high pressure hydrogen storage is also presented. Finally, some suggestions on the further research are proposed.