Abstract
Aerospace aircraft has significantly improved the life quality of human beings and extended the capability of space explosion since its appearance in 1903, in which liquid propellants or fuels provide the key power source. For jet fuels, its property of energy density plays an important role in determining the flight range, load, and performance of the aircraft. Therefore, the design and fabrication of high-energy-density (HED) fuels attract more and more attention from researchers all over the world. Herein, we briefly introduce the development of liquid jet fuels and HED fuels and demonstrate the future development of HED fuels. To further improve the energy density of fuel, the approaches of design and construction of multi-cyclic and stained molecule structures are proposed. To break through the density limit of hydrocarbon fuels, the addition of energetic nanoparticles in HED fuels to produce nanofluid or gelled fuels may provide a facile and effective method to significantly increase the energy density. This work provides the perspective for the development of HED fuels for advanced aircrafts.
Highlights
Aerospace technology has undergone tremendous development since the first flight by Wright Brothers in 1903, which has significantly improved the life quality of human beings and extended the capability of space explosion [1]
Aerospace vehicles mainly include commercial/military airplanes, missiles, rockets, spaceships, and satellites, which are equipped with turbine, turbofan, ramjet, or rocket engines, and liquid hydrocarbon fuels are the main energy sources for propulsion [2]
The energy density of fuels is critically important because it determines the flight range and payload of aircraft vehicles [3]
Summary
Aerospace technology has undergone tremendous development since the first flight by Wright Brothers in 1903, which has significantly improved the life quality of human beings and extended the capability of space explosion [1]. Keyword Liquid aerospace fuel · High-energy-density fuel · Stained molecule structure · Nanofluid or gelled fuels We will summarize the development of HED liquid fuels and propose the strategies to further increase their energy density.
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