Development of green energy based micro-sprinkler irrigation system for small holdings of SAT region

Abstract

The Indian agriculture in the region of semi-arid tropics (SAT), characterized by small holders, small water harvesting and recycling system assumes a significant potential to sustain agricultural productivity by providing supplemental as well aslifesaving irrigation and mitigating mid-season drought. In Indian Agriculture, major energy consuming activities include on-farm water management. Efficient and cost-effective irrigation system matching the small-scale water harvesting and storage, are anot available in this region. In view of this, a carry-and-irrigate type micro-sprinkler irrigation system was designed and developedin order to achieve the holistic utilization of water resources and niche-potential of solar energy and gravity. The performance was measured on various parameters of application rate, Christiansen uniformity coefficient and pattern efficiency and were quantified as 14.2 mm/h, 91.3% and 89.01% respectively. The develop irrigation system qualified the performance criteria as standardized by ASAE, 1996. Given the characteristics of low cost and portability, it can considerably substantiate the vegetable production at household scale. Though, this system is developed exclusively for the location representing typical dryland agriculture of India, it can be easily and effectively replicated in other part of the world having similar agro-ecosystem. This simple water management technique utilizing the niche potential of gravity and solar energy can significantly contribute to the various objectives of sustainable development goal.