Abstract
A four zone model based on the first law of thermodynamics has been developed for analysis of combustion in an internal combustion engine. The four zones included an unburned zone and two regions of burned zone, (namely burned gas1 and burned gas 2) and unburned burned zone described as a transitory zone which is a mixture of burned and unburned gases. Arbitrary constant for each of burn (CC2) and unburned (CC1) zone leakages in unburned burned zone was evaluated at optimally predetermined values of 0.005 and 0.00025 respectively, while mass fraction burned from burned gas1, x1 and burned gas 2, x2 were also evaluated at predetermined optimal values of 0.6 and 0.4 respectively. The model was used to analyse an SI engine operating with a gasoline fuel. The engine operating conditions were set at engine speed of 2000 rpm, -35bTDC ignition time and burn duration at 60°. The temperature distribution from the arbitrary constants (CC2, CC1, x1 and x2) for the newly developed four zone model was compared to the two zone model and literature experimental temperature value. The obtained indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), thermal efficiency (η), cylinder pressure and emission characteristics from the developed model and those of two zone analysis were both compared with literature values.
Highlights
The Spark-Ignition (Otto engines, gasoline and petrol engine) and the compression ignition are the common examples of ICEs [1]
The internal combustion engine is being used widely, variety of emission it produces and effects have being discussed by many researchers, [3,4,5,6,7]
Vun is the addition of volume of unburned gases in unburned burned zone, Vub and volume of burned gases in unburned burned zone, Vbu that is, The model equations are developed by applying the first law of thermodynamics to each zone as detailed below
Summary
The Spark-Ignition (Otto engines, gasoline and petrol engine) and the compression ignition (diesel engine) are the common examples of ICEs [1]. In internal combustion engine ICEs energy is released by burning or oxidizing fuel inside the engine. The fuel air mixture before combustion and the burned products after combustion are the actual working fluids. Major difference between modern day engine and ones built ages ago are improved reliability, thermal efficiency and emission level. Researches on ICE were directed and are still aimed towards improving thermal efficiency, emission rate and noise reduction as well as vibration. Thermal efficiency has increased from 10 to 50% today while emission is 5% of what it was 40years ago [2]. The internal combustion engine is being used widely, variety of emission it produces and effects have being discussed by many researchers, [3,4,5,6,7]
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