Abstract

A new composting technology of waste with high fat content was developed in JSC “Biocentras”. The composting technology of fat‐contaminated waste is based on the use of fat‐oxidizing microorganisms. Developed technology is commended for cleaner production/pollution prevention approach as well as meets strict environmental and hygiene requirements. The composting process was investigated for the process optimization by applying the response surface methodology. Values of parameters of composting process were monitored in lab‐scale composters. The optimal composition of the composing mixture was determined: the initial fat content – 5%, the concentration of bacterial preparation cells – 109 CFU/g, the quantity of structural materials – 9.5%. Fat degradation rate slowed down 3 times if the initial fatty concentration increased from 5% to 20%. Concentrated fatty‐waste disposal site prototype was designed. Composting process duration lasted 1 to 1.5 year. Santrauka UAB “Biocentre” sukurta nauja riebalais užterštu atlieku kompostavimo technologija, pagrista riebalus oksiduojančiu mikroorganizmu panaudojimu. Ši technologija pažangesne taršos prevencijos požiūriu, jos privalumas – švaresne gamyba. Sukurtoji technologija atitinka griežtus aplinkos apsaugos ir higienos reikalavimus. Tyrimai atlikti laboratorinemis salygomis. Riebaliniu atlieku kompostavimo procesu technologiniams parametrams optimizuoti taikyta faktoriniais eksperimentais grista reakcijos paviršiaus analizes metodologija. Nustatyta optimali eksperimentine kompostuojamo mišinio sudetis: pradinis riebalu kiekis – 5 %, biopreparato lasteliu koncentracija – 109 KSV/g, struktūrines medžiagos kiekis – 9,5 %. Padidinus pradine riebalu koncentracija nuo 5 % iki 20 %, riebalu skaidymo sparta suleteja apie 3 kartus. Suprojektuotas koncentruotu riebaliniu atlieku utilizavimo aikšteles modelis. Kompostavimo proceso trukme 1–1,5 metu. Резюме В ЗАО “Biocentras” была создана новая технология компостирования отходов с высоким содержанием жира. Технология компостирования загрязненных жирами отходов основана на использовании микроорганизмов, окисляющих жиросодержащие вещества. Разработанная технология является привлекательной для более чистого производства/предупреждения загрязнения окружающей среды, а также удовлетворяет строгим экологическим и гигиеническим требованиям. Исследован процесс компостирования. Для оптимизации процесса применен метод математического моделирования. Опыты проведены в лабораторных условиях. Определен оптимальный состав смеси: начальное содержание жира – 5%, концентрация бактериальных клеток в препарате – 109 КОЕ/г, количество структурных материалов – 9,5%. Деградация жиров замедляется в 3 раза, если первоначальная концентрация жиров увеличивается от 5% до 20%. Разработан и построен прототип площадки для компостирования жировых отходов. Процесс компостирования длится от 1 до 1,5 лет.

Highlights

  • Sustainable technologies promote the development of green techniques and products in order to live in clean and healthy environment

  • The response surface model (1) based analysis has shown that the predicted maximum rate of fat degradation is obtained at the following technological conditions: the fat content – 5.0%, cell concentration in bacterial compositions – 109 CFU/g, peat content – 9.5%

  • A character of the response surface in the vicinity of the predicted maximum percentage point is shown in Fig. 4 by contour plots of the response surface sectional views calculated at the maximum percentage point

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Summary

Introduction

Sustainable technologies promote the development of green techniques and products in order to live in clean and healthy environment. New effective waste recycling and utilization technologies are introduced. Our goal is to develop an effective, optimized and affordable technology for recovery of fatty pollutants for meat, fish and oil processing enterprises. Industrial and household fatty waste can be divided into two categories – “yellow” and “brown” fat. The first category fatty waste can be used for the secondary processing of animal feed additives, production of soaps, oils, cosmetics and skin care products. This type of waste can be composted either. The second type of fat is not recycled and must be handled according to the existing waste management requirements. Biodegradable organic waste of this origin can be incinerated, decayed or composted

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