Development of fast Fourier transformation continuous cyclic voltammetry as a highly sensitive detection system for ultra trace monitoring of penicillin V

Abstract

Fast continuous cyclic voltammetry was used as a detection method for penicillin V in a flow injection system. Additionally, a special computer-based numerical calculation method (using fast Fourier transformation) providing enhancement of the analyte signal and noise reduction is introduced here. During the measurements, the potential waveform (consisting of the potential steps of cleaning, stripping, and the potential ramp) was continuously applied to an Au disk microelectrode (12.5 μm in radius). In particular, the effects of accumulation potential, sweep rate, and delay time on the sensitivity and selectivity of the method were investigated. Eventually, the stripping time was found to be less than 300 ms, the detection limit of the method was 7.0 × 10 −12 M, and the associated relative standard deviation at 5.0 × 10 −6 M penicillin V was 2.3 for eight runs.