Abstract
As diagnostic biosensors for analyzing fluids from the human body, the development of inorganic NPs is of increasing concern. For one, nanoceramic phosphors have been studied to meet the increasing requirements for biological, imaging, and diagnostic applications. In this study, Y2O3 NPs co-doped with trivalent rare earths (erbium and ytterbium) were obtained using a liquid phase–pulsed laser ablation (LP–PLA) method after getting high density Er, Yb:Y2O3 ceramic targets by Spark plasma sintering (SPS). Most NPs are under 50 nm in diameter and show high crystallinity of cubic Y2O3 structure, containing (222), (440), and (332) planes via HR–TEM. Excitation under a 980 nm laser to a nanoparticle solution showed 525 and 565 nm green, and 660 nm red emissions. The green emission intensity increased and decreased with increasing Yb3+ additive concentration, when the red spectrum continuously strengthened. Utilizing this study’s outcome, we suggest developing technology to mark invisible biomolecules dissolved in a solvent using UC luminescence of Er3+, Yb3+ co-doped Y2O3 NPs by LP–PLA. The LP–PLA method has a potential ability for the fabrication of UC NPs for biosensors with uniform size distribution by laser parameters.
Highlights
Emerging technologies for detecting hazardous substances, using NPs, have been developed [1,2]
The intrinsic properties of NPs, possibly controlling particle size and combined with other materials by the liquid phase–pulsed laser ablation (LP–PLA) method have been reported in far-reaching applications, ranging from material science to vectors for drug and gene delivery [25]
Laser synthesis of colloids, powered by robust, high-power lasers, has appeared to be a key process in enabling chemical stability and eco-friendliness for industrial manufacturing of functional nanomaterials. In light of those facts, we made Er, Yb:Y2 O3 targets with varying concentrations of Yb3+ using the Spark plasma sintering (SPS) to make NPs with diameters smaller than 50 nm, which can be synthesized with urine and body fluids by LP–PLA
Summary
Emerging technologies for detecting hazardous substances, using NPs, have been developed [1,2]. Numerous researchers are attempting to combine the fields of nanoparticle sizes, properties, drug detection, and hazardous substance selections; the development of diagnostic sensors using ceramic-based NPs is one research field [4,5]. A typical activator of UC is the Er ion, which has various energy levels due to 4f electrons, and shows green and red emissions [6]. This represents an IR absorption at approximately
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