Development of environmentally safe technological water disposal scheme of aviation enterprise

Abstract

Various methods of organizing water disposal at the aviation enterprises were considered, and their main common shortcomings were characterized. It was shown that modern technologies of water disposal system do not allow reaching a proper level of ecological safety mainly due to the insufficient degree of wastewater treatment and existing environmental risks associated with the recycling of their sediments. We made a conclusion about the need for improvement of the environmental safety of water disposal systems functioning due to the development of a new technology. For this, when applying traditional mechanical and biological treatment methods, it was proposed to carry out additional wastewater purification and to improve the ways of treatment and recycling of their sediments. For additional treatment, it was proposed to use wastewater as a medium for the cultivation of energy microalgae in photobioreactors of the closed type with subsequent production of liquid biofuel of the third generation. For sediment treatment and recycling, it was proposed to use anaerobic digestion with the scheme organization in compliance with the kinetics of digestion processes and subsequent use of digested masses organic fertilizer. Based on this, we proposed a new technological water disposal scheme, which would make it possible to obtain renewable energy sources for partial or full provision of the needs of enterprises for thermal and electrical energy, and in case of its excess to obtain commercal renewable energy sources, to receive environmentally safe organic fertilizer, commercial carbon dioxide, as well as to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide from cogeneration plants of local thermal and electric power plants into the atmosphere.