Development of emission reduction measures of trace gas emissions from coal-fired power plants in Indonesia

Abstract

Most of Indonesia’s electricity demand is supplied by coal fired power plants (CFPPs) which can potentially emit huge amounts of air pollutant gases such as NOx and SO2 gas. The country has committed to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emission by 2030 through Nationally Determined Contributions but some emission reduction measures may also reduce air pollutant gases. Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) and Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion (AFBC) are the leading control technologies for reducing SO2 and NOx emissions that can be installed in the CFPPs. This study aims to determine the pollution load of SO2 and NOx gases in 2030 generated from CFPPs operation with (reduction scenario) and without FGD and AFCB control technology (business as usual (BAU)). The gas pollution load was calculated using the Atmospheric Brown Clouds- Emissions Inventory Manual (ABC-EIM) procedure. Based on the BAU scenario, the emission load accounted of 1,440,192 tons/year for NOx and 613,121 tons/year for SO2 in 2030. After implementing the control technology scenarios in 2030, the NOx emission load is projected to decrease to 579,610 tons/year, and the SO2 emission load decrease to 77,920 tons/year. The application of AFBC and FGD control technologies can potentially reduce NOx and SO2 emissions load from CFPPs operation in 2030 thus it can help to improve air quality in the future.