Abstract
The scientific exploration of the self has progressed, with much attention focused on the Embodied Sense of Self (ESS). Empirical studies have suggested the mechanisms for self-representation. On the other hand, less attention has been paid to the subjectivity itself of the self. With reference to previous studies, the current study collected items that reflect the ESS and statistically extracted three factors for it: Ownership, Agency, and Narrative. The developed questionnaire [Embodied Sense of Self Scale (ESSS)] showed good enough validity and reliability for practical use. Furthermore, ESSS discriminated schizophrenia, a disorder of the ESS, from controls. We discuss the factorial structure of ESS and the relationship among factors on the basis of the current results.
Highlights
One of the distinctive scientific interests in this decade has been characterized by studies of the self
Though these items might be a direct expression of an anomalous Embodied Sense of Self (ESS), statistically speaking, these experiences are so rare in the general population on a daily basis that they should not be included in the following analysis
The items for continuity and uniformity were assumed again to be loaded to one factor: Narrative
Summary
One of the distinctive scientific interests in this decade has been characterized by studies of the self. The sense of body (e.g., “this is my own hand”) needs multimodal sensory integration (Kilteni et al, 2015), while the sense of action (e.g., “I myself am moving the hand”) derives from matching motor predictions with actual feedback or outcomes (David et al, 2008). These subjective feelings of the self, which are grounded within our own body or sensorimotor system (Weiss et al, 2014), might be called as the Embodied Sense of Self (ESS)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
