Abstract

Two different dynamic kinetic resolution processes for the production of a number of natural and nonnatural l-amino acids at 100% chemical and optical yield have recently been established at Degussa. The first process is based on the dynamic kinetic resolution of 5-monosubstituted hydantoins using tailor-made whole-cell biocatalysts coexpressing a l-carbamoylase, a hydantoin racemase, and a hydantoinase. The hydantoin-converting pathway was optimized by adjusting expression levels of the respective enzymes as well as by inverting the enantioselectivity of the d-selective hydantoinase. This resulted overall in a 50-fold improved productivity and significant reduction of biocatalyst cost. The second process is based on the dynamic kinetic resolution of N-acetyl amino acids using an acylase in combination with a novel racemase from Amycolatopsis orientalis subsp. lurida. This racemase could overcome the problem of substrate inhibition and requirement of high concentrations of divalent metal ions which limits...

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