Development of dural plasmacytoma after evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma: Case report

Abstract

Systemic right ventricle (sRV) dysfunction in d-transposition of the great arteries following atrial switch (d-TGA) is associated with increased mortality. We aimed to characterize maladaptive sRV mechanisms in d-TGA patients, analyzing relation of echocardiographic parameters of sRV systolic function to objective measurements of exercise capacity.Forty-seven adult patients with d-TGA and atrial switch (mean age 31.6 ± 4.2 years) underwent conventional echocardiography, bidimensional strain (2D-strain), cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and cardiopulmonary exercise evaluation on the same day. Those with median peak oxygen uptake (VO2) >64.5% (n = 23) constituted group A, those with VO2 ≤ 64.5% (n = 24) constituted group B and 23 healthy age and gender matched subjects constituted the control group.In group A, global longitudinal peak systolic 2D-strain (GLS) of sRV was significantly reduced compared to GLS of normal RV and LV in the healthy control group (p < 0.01), however peak longitudinal 2D strain was similar at basal and mid-segment of sRV free wall than normal LV. In group B, GLS was significantly reduced compared to group A (− 10.9 ± 2.9% vs − 13.1 ± 2.3%, p < 0.05), mostly due to significant decrease of interventricular septum longitudinal strain. Other echocardiographic systolic parameters were not significantly different between groups A and B. Only sRV GLS showed significant correlation with functional capacity as measured by VO2 (r = 0.42, p < 0.01), while CMR RVEF did not.GLS of sRV predicts functional capacity and may be more sensitive than CMR RVEF in detecting early myocardial damage of sRV in patients with d-TGA and atrial switch.