Development of Detailed Mix Design Methodology for Low Calcium Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete Incorporating OPC and Crumb Rubber

Abstract

This experimental study proposes a systematic mix-design procedure to develop rubberized geopolymer concrete (RGPC). The developed method is meant to identify the mix ratios for the production of high-strength, low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, with OPC as a supplementary binder and crumb rubber as a partial replacement for the fine aggregates. The binder (80% fly ash + 20% OPC) content (350, 375, and 400 kg/m3), crumb rubber percentage (0, 5, 10, and 15%), and NaOH molarity (8, 10, and 12 M) are identified as key variables, with the focus on attaining the targeted compressive strength and workability under heat curing (60 °C). Thirty-six mix designs were tested for their compressive strength after 7 and 28 days, and their graphical relationship with the chosen variables is presented (CR-GPC graphs). A trial experiment with an example is performed to establish the validity of the developed mix-design procedure. It was found that the targeted compressive strength and slump of the rubberized GPC can be achieved with conviction.