Development of Dairy Cattle Breeding in the Regions of the Russian Federation: Economic and Statistical Study

Abstract

The article reflects the main results of the statistical analysis of the development of dairy cattle breeding in the Russian regions. The relevance of the topic is due to the strategic value of the industry, serving the needs of the population of the country's regions in demanded food products. Based on statistical data compiled by the Federal State Statistics Service, the dynamics of milk production and the number of live-stock and cattle of dairy breeds are analyzed. In addition, an assessment is made of the impact of climate on the industry in question, as well as a number of other factors on milk yields in individual regions. To deepen the inter-regional comparative analysis of the problems of the development of dairy cattle breeding, the author used the hierarchical clustering method. To do this, the author built a system of indicators that characterizes the industry in question, the effectiveness of its functioning, and the factors of its development, while the calculations used the average annual values of each indicator for the period from 2018 to 2021. The preference for the 5-cluster structural model is substantiated, which reflects the differentiation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of the development of dairy cattle breeding. The conclusion summarizes the results of an interregional comparative analysis of the development of the considered segment of the economy, which, in the author's opinion, should be taken into account when improving and optimizing both the federal program and regional plans for socio-economic development, increasing the welfare of the Russian population, equalizing the levels of economic development of individual regions of the country.