Development of Communication Skills in Children with Special Needs (ADHD): Accentuation of the Schoolboy's Personality and Musical Preferences

Abstract

In the period of dramatic social changes, the question of the place of art in public life and its role in the formation of a certain socio-cultural atmosphere constantly arises. The authors proceed from the hypothesis that the musical preferences of children, adolescents and young people with special needs reflect not only the General musical identification of young people, but also are an independent process of social identification, the main factor of which is music. We consider musical preferences in children with disabilities, namely those suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. These children and adolescents experience difficulties in socialization and communication, so we focus on the use of music in the development of communication skills in children with this type of disorders. Under the influence of music is the formation of musical identity, manifesting itself through musical preferences and musical activities. The interaction of group and personal aspects of musical identity is clearly manifested in musical preferences and in musical activity. Russian society at the present stage of its development is particularly in need of active creative personalities, people of high intelligence and spiritual culture. Education of the developing personality is impossible without familiarizing with universal cultural values, without deep assimilation of all experience of world cultural heritage of the past. Universal values are an important factor in the revival of the country and its exit from the spiritual and moral crisis. And in this process, music plays a significant role. Reflecting the reality through the musical image, the system of musical means of expression, it has its own specifics in the formation of universal values. Musical preferences are based in adolescent children on two main forms: 1) psychodynamic form and 2) sociological form. The authors raise the problem of psychological and pedagogical support of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The aim of the study conducted by the authors is to find ways to influence the main psychological and motor symptoms of ADHD in children by means of music and musical activity. The objectives of the study include: the search for methodological grounds for music therapy effects, selection and testing in practice of adequate methods and techniques, musical material and psychological and pedagogical conditions of the organization of support for children with ADHD syndrome. The research can give impetus to further development of health-saving technologies of General education and programs of support for children with disabilities. This specificity consists not only in the development of the aesthetic and moral needs of the individual, but also in the development of spiritual culture, which is due to the music with high moral content. In the last decade, entertainment music has begun to prevail over other genres. It does not contribute to the formation of healthy tastes and moral qualities of the individual.