Development of CNC Milling Machine for Small Scale Industry

Abstract

The development of small-scale industry (SME) has increased the demand of small-scale CNC machines since the implementation of machine in production of small-scale product shown a profitable economic value. The use of machines in the fabrication of small part has been proven to increase product production efficiency as well as reduce product costs. This is able to increase the business profits of small companies and push the business development to a higher level. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of 3-axis CNC machines using integration between microcontroller as main controller and spindle drill. The main application of this built machine is to cut and carve low-hard materials such as wood and acrylic material. The design product to be fabricate is sent to the microcontroller through a serial communication system. The microcontroller will control the movement of the spindle drill according to the point coordinates to perform the desired engraving or cutting according to the desired design. Three tests to determine the quality of product production are carry out. The tests are surface section, circular test and axial perpendicular test which can determine the accuracy of cutting geometry such as position, straight, roll, tone, evaporate and perpendicular to the work section under certain tool grooves and feed rate. The results of tests carried out on the products produced by the 3-axis CNC machine developed showed that this machine has a cutting and engraving accuracy of 98.5% and a depth accuracy of 100% for wood and archival materials. This machine is suitable for carving 2D and 3D objects with a maximum size of 30 cm x 30 cm.