Abstract
Chronic alcoholic myopathy (ChAM) develops in 40–60% of alcohol-abusing patients and is accompanied by a lower performance, proximal paresis, and skeletal muscle atrophy. It is still unclear whether the duration or amount of alcohol consumption is important for ChAM development. The time course of the pathological process in skeletal muscle is also unknown. Male patients with and without alcoholic myopathy were evaluated for the duration of alcohol abuse, ethanol intake, morphological characteristics of m. quadriceps vastus lateralis, and the plasma content of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). ChAM was found to develop after 10 years of alcohol abuse. Proximal paresis was observed only in patients with muscle fiber atrophy and was associated with a slow to fast transformation of the myosin phenotype. A decrease in plasma IGF-1 was detected in early ChAM, including stages without clinical signs of proximal paresis or morphological signs of muscle fiber atrophy.
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