Abstract
One method to rapidly estimate seismic losses during the structural design phase is to use contribution functions. These are relationships between expected losses (e.g. damage repair costs, downtime, and injury) for a wide range of building components (e.g. cladding, partitions, and ceilings) and the building’s response. This study aims to develop contribution functions for common types of cladding used in different types of buildings considering damage repair costs. In the first part of this study, a building survey was performed to identify types and quantity of cladding used in residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Christchurch, New Zealand; where it was found that the most common cladding types are glazing, masonry veneer, monolithic cladding and precast panels. The data collected during the survey was also used to develop cladding distribution (i.e. density) functions. The second step involved identifying fragility functions from relevant literature which are applicable to the cladding detailing used in New Zealand. The third step involved surveying consultants, suppliers and builders on typical repair/replacement cost. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to combine the cladding density function with the fragility functions and the repair cost for each type of cladding to derive contribution functions for various types of cladding and building usage. An example (case study) is provided to demonstrate its usage.
Highlights
The building envelope is the skin of the building which consists of external walls, doors, windows, roof, and lowest floor of the building
Combining cladding distribution/density functions developed using an extensive building survey data and cladding cost functions derived using range of repair/replacement costs received from consultants, suppliers and builders together with fragility functions availed from literature, contribution functions of four main types of cladding were developed in this study
These contribution functions can be readily used in simplified building loss estimation and in loss based design methodologies like Loss Optimisation Seismic Design (LOSD)
Summary
The building envelope is the skin of the building which consists of external walls, doors, windows, roof, and lowest floor of the building. Cladding systems are non-structural building components which describe the external wall including the support mechanism back to the structure. Claddings serve the basic purposes of providing thermal insulation and weather resistance in addition to providing architectural features [1]. Aspects such as lighting and ventilation are directly affected by the claddings used, which have a large influence on user comfort [2]. Due to these reasons, any damage to the cladding system would affect the building’s integrity which may disrupt building usage until repairs are completed. Damage to cladding systems may pose lifesafety risk outside the building
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
