Abstract
A new poly(vinyl chloride) membrane based electrochemical sensor containing synthesized triazole compound, that is, bis‐(4‐N‐amino‐5‐mercapto‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)alkane (BAMTA) as an electroactive material was prepared and investigated as a chromium(III) selective sensor. The optimum composition of the best performing membrane contained triazole, sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), nitrophenyl octyl‐ether (NPOE), and polyvinyl‐chloride (PVC) in the ratio 10 : 2 : 50 : 38 w/w. The sensor exhibited near Nernstian slope of 19.8 ± 0.2 mV/decade of activity in the working concentration range of 1.0 × 10−5−1.0 × 10−1 M. It displayed a stable potential response in the pH range 3.4–5.2. The sensor exhibited a fast response time of less than 10 s and could be used for at least 6 weeks without any considerable divergence in potentials. The proposed sensor showed very good selectivity over most of the common cations including Li+, K+, Na+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Cs+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Cd2+, Al3+, Fe3+, and La3+. It could be employed successfully for the determination of Cr(III) ion activity in electroplating and leather tanning industry wastes.
Highlights
Chromium nds its widespread use in steel manufacturing, leather tanning, wood treatment, electroplating, paint and pigment, metal nishing, and alloy manufacturing industries
Different types of electroactive materials have been used by researchers to develop chromium(III) ion-selective electrodes
The synthesized ionophore was used as a neutral carrier to prepare PVC based membranes and was tried to determine various metal ions
Summary
Chromium nds its widespread use in steel manufacturing, leather tanning, wood treatment, electroplating, paint and pigment, metal nishing, and alloy manufacturing industries. Potentiometric monitoring offers many advantages such as simple instrumentation, speed and ease of preparation, low cost, online monitoring, wide dynamic range, good selectivity, and nondestructive analysis. Due to these advantages a number of ion-selective electrodes have been reported in the recent past and the list is continuously growing tremendously. Different types of electroactive materials have been used by researchers to develop chromium(III) ion-selective electrodes. Triazole, which is appropriately designed, exhibits a large variety of functions for example, inclusion compounds, selective complexing agents for metal ions, and catalysts. We report for the rst time a new, highly selective, and a sensitive Cr(III) electrode based on a synthesized, triazole derivative that is, Bis-(4-N-amino-5-mercapto1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)alkane as an excellent neutral carrier for chromium(III) ions. Various experimental conditions such as the percentage weight composition of the membrane ingredients and concentration of the internal solution of the developed electrode have been optimized to obtain better detection limit as well as working concentration range
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