Development of chitosan microparticles via interfacial polymeric crosslinking method utilizing sodium trimetaphosphate

Abstract

Chitosan derived from the alkaline deacetylation of chitin found in crustacean exoskeletons, is a natural biopolymer. It has been employed as a matrix for microparticles and crosslinked systems, facilitating the immobilization and controlled release of drugs, ensuring stability, safety, and efficacy. Microencapsulation, a technique involving the coating of active products in polymeric layers, allows for their release under specific conditions and controlled rates, achieved through the formation of microspheres or microcapsules. The distinctive features of chitosan, such as its non-toxicity, biodegradability, and cost-effectiveness, make it advantageous over other polysaccharides. This study aimed to produce chitosan microparticles through the interfacial polymeric crosslinking method, utilizing sodium trimetaphosphate as the crosslinking agent. A pre-formulation study, involving varying concentrations of polymer, crosslinking agent, and two stirring speeds, was conducted to assess their direct correlation with microparticle size. The interfacial polymeric crosslinking method successfully yielded spherical microparticles, maintaining a wrinkled surface aspect, with size variations according to the formulation. Parameters such as crosslinking agent concentration and stirring speed were identified as influencing factors on microparticle size. In conclusion, interfacial polymeric crosslinking using sodium trimetaphosphate proves effective in obtaining chitosan microparticles.