Abstract
Improvements during the past decade in cellulolytic enzymes for conversion of cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials to glucose and by fermentation to ethanol and other products have led to development of a practical commercial process. A pilot plant based on utilization of the advanced Trichoderma reesei fungal enzyme systems available, utilized in a fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation system, has been operated successfully at an eastern pulp and paper mill. Successive improvements in techniques and operating conditions for this pilot plant, with a capacity of 1 t/d feedstock input, has led to production of ethanol with conversions of 80-90% of theoretical, based on cellulose content of the feedstock. With the data and knowledge in hand, this technology is now ready for use in a proposed demonstration facility with a nominal capacity of 50-100 t/d of feedstock. Projected economics are presented for proposed commercial facilities processing up to 500 t/d of cellulosic wastes.
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