Development of basic criteria for assessing the adaptation level of athletes-mountaineers’ organism to a mountain climate

Abstract

Introduction. Mountain climbers’ activity is constantly accompanied by harsh ambient conditions. Changeable exogenous factors joint by reduced oxygen pressure considerably complicate athletes’ medical support and demand objective appraisal elaboration for the purpose of adaptation level timely correction. Aim. To develop the athletes’ body adaptation level’s criteria under extreme conditions of sport work. Materials and methods . Mathematical-statistical analysis of results of examenation of 62 climbers at the age of 30.5±3.6 years old was carried out using volumetric compression oscillometry method before, during and after sporting event. Results. As a result of the obtained data of volumetric compression oscillometry indicators’ analysis, mountain climbers were divided into three groups of kinetic blood circulation types, which were hypokinetic, eukinetic and hyperkinetic. Climbers with hyperkinetic blood type were not admitted to take part in sporting event. Statistically significant (p<0.05) signs allowing to determine athlete’s organism adaptation level to external environment exogenous factors were specified. These features are diastolic blood pressure, lateral systolic blood pressure, average hemodynamic arterial pressure, arterial pulse pressure, energy consumption indicators for the movement of one liter of blood, total peripheral vascular resistance, specific peripheral vascular resistance, systolic pressure and linear circulation time. Conclusion. The analysis of volumetric compression oscillometry revealed significant (p<0.05) criteria for evaluating the level of adaptation, where the change of adaptation level from the optimum condition to the violation of the regulation mechanisms of the organism was accompanied by an increase in myocardial contractility, heart rate, blood pressure, minute volume of blood flow and a decrease in stroke volume. These changes were confirmed by the transition to a more energy-intensive type of regulation of blood circulation at rest. Correlation between the increased intensity of the training process in the conditions of mountain climate and the increase of long-term hemodynamics was found, and the lack of timely correction of the adaptation level of organism contributed to the increase in infectious morbidity.