Development of annual ornamental plants during spring sowing in a continental climate

Abstract

The results of studying the biological characteristics and ornamental qualities of annual ornamental plants from the families Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Hydrophyllaceae and Tropaeolaceae during spring sowing in the ground are presented. The research was carried out in the conditions of the continental climate of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The work used experimental methods-phenological observations and descriptions of ontogenetic states and theoretical research methods - analysis of phenospectres in comparison with hydrothermal conditions of vegetation periods, digital image processing of objects using a Carl Zeiss Stereo Discovery V12 stereomicroscope with an AxioCam MRc-5 digital camera, mathematical statistics. Agricultural techniques for row and nest sowing are described. It is determined that the soil readiness for sowing ornamental annuals is influenced by the hydrothermal conditions of the third decade of April - the first decade of May, and the conditions of the third decade of May affect the state of seedlings. Warm, dry weather from mid-August to mid-September is the most favorable for the ripening of fruits and seeds, as well as their gathering. A template of phenospectres has been developed to form a phenotheca for training specialists in the field of decorative plant growing and landscape architecture. A digital seed library of annual ornamental plant species has been created, which is used in practical classes at the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University (NGAU) and the Novosibirsk State University of Architecture, Design and Arts (NGUADI). Descriptions of biological features and ornamental qualities, as well as the main morphometric parameters of 12 species of beautifully flowering annual plants are given.