Abstract
Domestic animals have accompanied the origin and development of human civilization; therefore, the study of their domestication history is important. However, the occurrence of gene flow, or even replacement, among wild or domestic populations has complicated genetic studies tracing the initial domestication and dispersal of modern species. Fortunately, the investigation of DNA from archeological remains (ancient DNA) provides a unique opportunity to unravel these past events. In the present study, the progress of ancient DNA techniques is summarized, including retrieval and evaluation methods, technological innovations in methods of ancient DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing. As well, the implications of ancient DNA technology for the evolutionary study of four major domestic animals (pig, horse, sheep, and dog) are reviewed. This review will facilitate the development of ancient DNA techniques and their further applications.
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