Abstract
The fault detection method has been used usually to give a diagnosis of the performance and efficiency in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems. To be able to use this method a lot of sensors are implemented in the PEMFC to measure different parameters like pressure, temperature, voltage, and electrical current. However, despite the high reliability of the sensors, they can fail or give erroneous measurements. To address this problem, an efficient solution to replace the sensors must be found. For this reason, in this work, the immersion and invariance method is proposed to develop an oxygen pressure estimator based on the voltage, electrical current density, and temperature measurements. The estimator stability region is calculated by applying Lyapunov’s Theorem and constraints to achieve stability are established for the oxygen pressure, electrical current density, and temperature. Under these estimator requirements, oxygen pressure measurements of high reliability are obtained to fault diagnosis without the need to use an oxygen sensor.
Highlights
Fuel cell (FC) system is an advanced power system necessary for a clean, sustainable, and environmentally friendly future, because FCs are promising candidates as an alternative to conventional fossil fuels, due to their higher energy density, energy efficiency, and very low emissions [1,2,3]
Using the voltage, electrical current density, and temperature measurements and applying the immersion and invariance method it is possible to develop an oxygen pressure estimator for getting high-reliability oxygen measurements avoiding the use of oxygen sensor for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system fault diagnosis
The oxygen pressure estimator presented is derived from the results presented in Sections 2 and 3
Summary
Fuel cell (FC) system is an advanced power system necessary for a clean, sustainable, and environmentally friendly future, because FCs are promising candidates as an alternative to conventional fossil fuels, due to their higher energy density, energy efficiency, and very low emissions [1,2,3]. Processes 2020, 8, 1095 to guarantee correct and safe operation in the PEMFC system [7,11,12] To achieve such a diagnosis, several sensors have been used to measure different parameters like the mass flow, oxygen pressure, hydrogen pressure, compressor velocity, electrical current, water pressure, voltage, and temperature of the stack [11,13,14]. Using the voltage, electrical current density, and temperature measurements and applying the immersion and invariance (gradient estimator) method it is possible to develop an oxygen pressure estimator for getting high-reliability oxygen measurements avoiding the use of oxygen sensor for PEMFC system fault diagnosis.
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