Abstract
The study suggests a technology of intensive, energy-efficient microwave-thermal mass transfer during washing and drying of agricultural and industrial products in a non-resonant microwave chamber with a uniform heating field. The chamber is equipped with a vacuum pump and an ultrasonic generator and is functionally connected to the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump. The traveling wave mode in the microwave chamber and intense evaporation are facilitated by the microwave field energy concentrator in the volume of the environment and the absorbing ferrite coating, which converts the ballast energy of the field into thermal energy on a perforated partition for products. This helps to reduce the significant cost of time and energy in the case of washing and drying heterogenic environments.The article substantiates the direction of developing the physicotechnical foundations of microwave-thermal treatment of environments with the aim of washing products using ultrasonic and microwave generators in a vacuum chamber to intensify the process. The authors show the necessity of developing the theory and practice of manufacturing and using radio-absorbing materials converting field energy to thermal energy. A coordinated integration of the upgraded microwave and additional convection drying technologies is proposed for the purpose to harmonize economical, intensive and environmentally friendly mass transfer of moisture during drying of the processed environment. It was found that the achievement and use of a synergistic effect, namely the energy efficiency of the process of complete drying in the middle of the chamber, contributes to the intensive evaporation of moisture from products in a uniform electromagnetic field in the chamber and the current dehumidification of moist air by the heat pump evaporator. Dry air is supplied into the microwave chamber after it is heated by the heat pump condenser. This contributes to a significantly more effective washing and drying of products. The application of this circuit solution and the optimal parameters of the regime in practice make it possible to solve the contradictory problem of increasing the efficiency and environmental friendliness of the processes in everyday life as well as in agricultural and industrial production.
Highlights
The term ‘intensive microwave-thermal treatment of heterogenic environments’ means, first of all, a technologically complete, time-intensive process of washing and energy-efficient drying of products by consistently following steps such as: 1) environmentally friendly washing without harmful electromagnetic radiation from the chamber and without the use of detergents; 2) complete drying, dehydration of dispersed and continuous environments from sets, including food – fruits, vegetables; industrial products – fabrics, light clothing, etc
An unanswered question is the overall level of energy efficiency and environmental safety for the widespread distribution at home and in the production process of non-resonant microwave-thermal treatment of heterogenic environments
The aim of the research is to substantiate the physical and technical mechanisms and process parameters that contribute to the implementation of technological bases of microwave-thermal, energy-efficient, intensive and environmentally safe treatment of heterogenic environments
Summary
The term ‘intensive microwave-thermal treatment of heterogenic environments’ means, first of all, a technologically complete, time-intensive process of washing and energy-efficient drying of products by consistently following steps such as: 1) environmentally friendly washing without harmful electromagnetic radiation from the chamber and without the use of detergents (chemicals); 2) complete drying, dehydration (in a microwave chamber without a centrifuge) of dispersed and continuous environments from sets, including food – fruits, vegetables; industrial products – fabrics, light clothing, etc. Microwave (traditional) processing of environments in open space causes radiation hazard for operators and adversely affects other electronic equipment. – the inability to intensify the microwave heating of the environment without the risk of local overheating in places of maximums of the field in the space of the entire environment volume, which is repeated at an interval equal to half the wavelength of the field in the chamber;. – the existence of international standards for acceptable levels of background radiation of powerful microwave equipment, but compliance with the standards is unsatisfactory. It is these physicotechnological effects and their theoretically and factually unresolved consequences that cause and emphasize the relevance of finding a technology of washing and drying products in everyday life, at farms and in industrial production
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