Development of an in vivo bioassay to identify Turkish chickpea genotypes resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) (Tylenchida: Anguinidae)

Abstract

Stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) is one of the most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes and damage most legume crops such as chickpea. The aim of the study was to develop a protocol for in-vivo bioassay to investigate D. dipsaci interaction with chickpea. Nine accessions of wild and domesticated Cicer spp. including three Cicer reticulatum Ladiz., three Cicer echinospermum P.H.Davis and three Cicer arietinum L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) were used to evaluate chickpea genotype for resistance to D. dipsaci between 2019 and 2020 at Çukurova University, Nematology laboratory. The incubation time and inoculum density were determined to correlate with the size of the produced nematode population. It was concluded that the highest reproduction of D. dipsaci on carrot discs occurred between 20 and 25°C at 45-60 days and an initial inoculum density were determined 100 nematodes per carrot disc. Also, the initial inoculum density of 300 and the growing time of 16 weeks was the best practice to identify reaction of chickpea genotypes to D. dipsaci . These methods provided that quick screening for resistance studies in chickpea against D. dipsaci to observe information of highest reproduction period of D. dipsaci as time, temperature, inoculum density.