Development of an Impact Thermometer for use in combination with the Distress Thermometer as a brief screening tool for adjustment disorders and/or major depression in cancer patients

Abstract

Screening cancer patients for adjustment disorders and major depression is important, because both are prevalent and often underrecognized. The purpose of this study was to validate the Distress and Impact Thermometer, a 2-item questionnaire, which we newly developed as a brief screening tool for detection of adjustment disorders and/or major depression. Two hundred ninety-five cancer patients completed the Distress and Impact Thermometer and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and were examined by psychiatrists based on DSM-IV criteria. Using cutoff points for detection of adjustment disorders and major depression of “3/4” on “distress” score and “2/3” on “impact,” the sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 and 0.82, respectively. Screening performance of the Distress and Impact Thermometer was comparable to that of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Its brevity and good performance suggest that the Distress and Impact Thermometer is an effective tool for routine screening in clinical oncology settings.