Development of an electrochemical sensor of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A by reduced graphene oxide for incorporation of spherical carbon nanoparticles

Abstract

This work describes the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) and its reduction using only carbon nanoparticles with no conventional chemical reducer or external energy. The reduced graphene oxide formed through the incorporation of the carbon nanoparticles (rGO-CNPS) was characterized by HR-TEM techniques, UV–vis, Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. The rGO-CNPS nanomaterial was incorporated on the surface of the printed carbon electrode and used to determine the endocrine interferent bisphenol A. The SPE-rGO-CNPS electrode presented excellent response for bisphenol A at concentrations varying from 7.5 × 10−9 to 2.6 × 10−7 mol L−1 in PBS, pH 7 with sensitivity 189.5 μmol L−1 and detection limit of 1 × 10−9 mol L−1. The electrode also presented excellent performance even in the presence of the main phenolic interferences and was used for determination of bisphenol A in plastic-bottled drinking water.