Abstract
The objective of this work is to demonstrate changes in properties and increase of biological activity of nicotinamide (NAM) substance for skin protectants activated by mechanical activation (MA). To assess the physical, chemical and biological properties of NAM were used biotesting by the Spirotox-method, direct and indirect optical methods (microscopy, laser diffraction), infrared spectroscopy, pH-metry. The results of the study showed an increase in biological activity, expressed in changes in the energy of activation of cell transition to the “dead cell” state on the example of biosensor Spirostomum ambiguum. Also we indicated an increase in the rate of the chemical process of dissolution of mechanoactivated molecular crystals of nicotinamide (NAM) expressed in the values of the first order rate constant. Mechanical activation at a high rate of NAM substance powder deformation has led to changes in physical, chemical and biological properties of the drug, which can be used in medicine to increase efficiency and reduce doses of pharmacotherapy.
Highlights
One of the ways to activate the biological and physical-chemical properties of powders of active pharmaceutical substances is fine grinding by mechanical action [1, 2]
The objective of this work is to demonstrate changes in properties and increase of biological activity of nicotinamide (NAM) substance for skin protectants activated by mechanical activation (MA)
We indicated an increase in the rate of the chemical process of dissolution of mechanoactivated molecular crystals of nicotinamide (NAM) expressed in the values of the first order rate constant
Summary
One of the ways to activate the biological and physical-chemical properties of powders of active pharmaceutical substances is fine grinding by mechanical action [1, 2]. In a highly dispersed state, compounds become more chemically active, as fine grinding is accompanied by an increase in the free energy reserve and formation of centers with high activity on newly formed surfaces. The result of these processes is the accumulation of point defects, amorphous regions, dislocations, and disclinations in the structure of molecular crystals. Results on static and dynamic loading of powdery materials showed that of all the ways of destruction the most effective is "free and constrained impact" (fig. 1)
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