Development of an Automated Multidirectional Pest Sampling Detection System Using Motorized Sticky Traps

Mustafa Kareem Hadi,Muhamad Saufi Mohd Kassim,Aimrun Wayayok

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3074083

Mustafa Kareem Hadi, Muhamad Saufi Mohd Kassim + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3074083

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Abstract

Insect detection and counting constitute a considerable challenge in the field of agriculture. However, among various biotic issues of agricultural production, pest infestation is a major challenge, with the humid environment surrounding the crops encouraging the survival and proliferation of pests. In addition, electronic traps need protection, especially from rain. This study describes the design and development of a prototype for an automatic pest sampling and detection system for agricultural crops. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed system is the first motorized automatic trap developed to handle monitoring operations in two directions of precise movement (i.e., clockwise and counterclockwise) and cover four directions of insect sampling that provides additional details of insect infestation direction. A square-shaped sticky box was designed, and an optical sensor was attached to a scalable arm. The movements of the sticky box and the camera arm were generated by motors. Preprocessing was conducted by using morphological operations, whereas insect detection and counting were implemented by an algorithm of connected components labeling that applied by using MATLAB image processing toolbox. Different kernel functions, such as disk, diamond, square, and sphere, were used as matching functions for the insect detection and counting algorithm. The average accuracy of the highest sphere kernel was 85.2%. Test results of the hardware show the reliability, flexibility, and system protection of the automatic system to provide accurate movements in two degrees of freedom.

Highlights

Agricultural crops are among the most important sources of food worldwide, especially in tropical countries
MATERIALS AND METHODS The pest sampling and detection (PSD) system used for sampling the population distribution of pests in different agricultural crops in Universiti Putra Malaysia is composed of four yellow sticky sheets to attract insects from multiple directions
AUTOMATIC PSD SYSTEM DESIGN The proposed automated PSD system comprises two main parts: 1) The electromechanical part, which is concerned with tripod modifications, and the controller part, which focuses on controller boards, sensors, and actuators to control vertical and rotational movement

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Agricultural crops are among the most important sources of food worldwide, especially in tropical countries. Hadi et al.: Development of Automated Multidirectional Pest Sampling Detection System This strategy offers a smooth and neutral surface, making insect counting easier. Sampled insects with trap by acquiring images automatically is rapid technology to detect and count insects. This technology reduces labor and resource costs and simultaneously monitors population dynamics on a large space scale with an adjustable temporal resolution. This study adopts image processing and extends its implementation to the estimation of pest population by using an automated detection mechanism to assist crop technicians/experts in counting pests from collected specimens conveniently and accurately. The system is developed to be capable of operating in real infield conditions, overcoming the drawbacks of the classical sticky-based traps thereby significantly improving the traditional way of sampling the pest population

MATERIALS AND METHODS

AUTOMATED PEST DETECTION

EVALUATION OF THE PSD SYSTEM

RESULT

VIII. CONCLUSION