Abstract
For the past couple of decades, the transportation sector has made efforts to preserve and improve air quality for public health and sustainable growth between current and future generations. An easily understandable tool to measure the level of air pollution in the transportation sector by considering multiple air pollutants together might raise awareness about clean air to the public, practitioners, state policy planners, and the government. For this reason, this study develops an aggregate air quality index to help prepare decision makers, which could rank a state according to the different levels of multiple air pollutants. The index is developed for use with principal com-ponent analysis and an algebra about a line segment, and then applied to the US transportation sector using data on five air pollutants (CO, NOx, PM, SO2, and VOCs) in 2008. This study finds that some states were less polluted or more polluted in terms of the index, although their GDP levels for a transport mode were similar to each other. Thus, this finding implies that the necessary actions for stricter air quality standards must be taken in their boundaries.
Highlights
Transport modes emit air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air through fossil fuel combustion.How to cite this paper: Choi, J., Park, Y.S. and Park, J.D. (2015) Development of an Aggregate Air Quality Index Using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Based Method: A Case Study of the US Transportation Sector
Transportation is an essential part of the socioeconomic development of a nation, but it has been needed to accompany the undesirable output called air pollution even though advances in technology for modern transport have contributed to reducing air pollution emissions in comparison with past transport modes
The continuous increase in a clean air environment for public health and sustainable growth between current and future generations has had a positive effect on the transportation sector, corresponding to the growing tide of preserving and improving air quality over the past decades
Summary
Transport modes emit air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air through fossil fuel combustion.How to cite this paper: Choi, J., Park, Y.S. and Park, J.D. (2015) Development of an Aggregate Air Quality Index Using a PCA-Based Method: A Case Study of the US Transportation Sector. Transport modes emit air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air through fossil fuel combustion. Such air pollution frequently exposes human health to acute and chronic diseases, and in the short- and longterms might result in premature death and declines in life expectancy [1]. Transportation is essential for economic growth at the local and national levels, but it is highly connected to environmental pollution, especially air pollution [8]. Gorham’s 2002 report [9] for the United Nations shows how much fossil fuel is being combusted by transportation: the transportation sector consumes 25 percent of total worldwide energy consumption and uses more than 50 percent of the total oil produced. It might be appropriate to recognize transportation’s air pollution emissions as one of the most serious sources of ongoing atmospheric pollution in the world
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