Development of Agriculture, Hunting, Fishing and Reindeer Herding in Magadan Region in 1954–1957

Abstract

The article, based on archival materials, examines the development of agriculture and commercial sectors in the Magadan Region during the crucial transitional period of 1954–1957, when the region coexisted with Dalstroy after the establishment of the Magadan Oblast. It analyzes measures taken by authorities to stimulate, modernize technologically and support financially the agricultural sector and commercial sectors in the region, as well as dynamics of key production, economic and social indicators in such vital areas of rural economy as reindeer herding, fur farming, crop production, animal husbandry, fur trapping, marine and river fishing and sea mammal hunting. Despite undertaken efforts and achievements, the development of the industry was hampered by insufficient financing, lack of equipment and infrastructure, and shortage of qualified personnel. The leading sector remained reindeer herding, which provided up to a third of all cash income of collective farms. However, this sphere also saw declining productivity and performance indicators. The volumes of fur trapping and sea mammal hunting decreased substantially. Problems in many areas of agriculture and commercial sectors were associated with the elimination of Dalstroy's organizational units. The transitional period was characterized by stagnation in the development of agricultural and commercial sectors in the region.