Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) are well-known carcinogens for humans and animals health. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography linked with fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLD) method was optimized and validated. In addition, we investigated for the first time, the influence of curcumin on residue depletion of AFB1 and AFM1 in liver, kidney, and muscle tissues of broiler chickens and estimated a necessary clearance time required for AFB1 and AFM1 residues. The results showed that the average recoveries of AFB1 varied in liver, kidney, and muscles between 82.32–85.56, 85.34–88.45, and 84.88–89.73% respectively, while the average recoveries of AFM1 in liver, kidney, and muscles varied between 92.17–95.03, 94.12–97.21, and 95.32–98.51%, respectively. The detection limit of aflatoxin B1 was 0.008 ng/ml, while for aflatoxin M1 was 0.003 ng/ml. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for AFB1 and AFM1 was 0.02 and 0.01 ng/ml, respectively. Clearance time for AFB1 and AFM1 residues were analyzed in two experimental groups of broilers. One group fed with dietary AFB1 (5.0 mg/kg feed) and other with curcumin+AFB1 diet (curcumin; 300 mg/kg feed, AFB1; 5.0 mg/kg feed). AFB1 and AFM1 residues clearance time was calculated based on LOQ using withdrawal time calculation software (WT1.4). Clearance time analyzed for AFB1 ranged from 11 to 19 days and for AFM1 ranged from 10 to 12 days at 95% confidence level. Interestingly, curcumin supplementation in the diet reduced the clearance time of AFM1 in liver and kidney but not in muscle tissues. Conclusively, the developed method can be appropriately used for the quality control testing of commercial broiler-meat processing companies, food manufacturers, and quality control laboratories.
Highlights
Two Aspergillus species known as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus produces B and G aflatoxins
We optimized and validated for the first time an improved analytical method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography linked with fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLD) for the identification and quantitation of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) residues in liver, kidney and muscle tissues of broilers by using immunoaffinity column with quick and high test recovery as compared with other intended procedures of analysis
AFB1 and AFM1 residues have been reported in previous studies (Fernandez et al, 1994; Khan et al, 2013)
Summary
Two Aspergillus species known as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus produces B and G aflatoxins. We optimized and validated for the first time an improved analytical method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography linked with fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLD) for the identification and quantitation of AFB1 and AFM1 residues in liver, kidney and muscle tissues of broilers by using immunoaffinity column with quick and high test recovery as compared with other intended procedures of analysis. The developed method is applied to study the influence of curcumin on depletion of AFB1 and AFM1 residues and to measure the duration of clearance time of the above two carcinogens from the liver, kidney, and muscle tissues of broilers maintained on AFB1-contaminted feed
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