Abstract
Development of a geotechnical database for the young capital of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan city, became a paramount concern of both the scientific community and industry. The creation of the Kazakhstan model of the geotechnical database was based on a fixed dataset which included a city map with determined X, Y, and H coordinates and the user generated data obtained from the materials of engineering and geological surveys from more than 2000 boreholes. Based on the assessment of the built-up area of the city, six main engineering-geological elements (EGE) were identified. The territory of the city was regrouped into eight zones instead of the previous six based on the geological origin and stratigraphy interposition of the EGE. Engineering properties of the soils were considered for physical and mechanical characteristics, where the plasticity limits demonstrated an accurate correlation to the elasticity modulus E and distribution boundaries between the alluvial and eluvial types of the soil on the graph. So, the increased liquid and plastic limits are replicated by higher values of elasticity modulus E, and hence better strength characteristics of a particular soil layer and vice versa, while the moisture content and soil density did not show any obvious pattern and requires additional verification on the construction site. Finally, a geotechnical map was built for the driven piles and the optimal variations in the pile length for each zone were determined.
Highlights
The first studies on engineering-geological mapping based on field surveys and intrusive sampling technologies have been developed since the early 1950s [1,2]
Based on the assessment of the built-up area of the city, in which six main engineering-geological elements (EGE) were identified and the analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of soils was performed, it can be noted that the created program “Geoinformation database” allows the built-up area to be divided into conditionally homogeneous zones by type of base (Table 2)
Based on the analysis of physical and mechanical characteristics, the territory of the city of Nur-sultan was subdivided into eight zones where zones 4, 7, and 8 have stratification into several types of alluvial soils in the geological column, and are considered the most difficult in the design of buildings and structures on them
Summary
The first studies on engineering-geological mapping based on field surveys and intrusive sampling technologies have been developed since the early 1950s [1,2]. The watershed plain is composed of Carboniferous e(C1) and Jurassic e(J1) rocks, with an average of modern quaternary geological period a(QII-IV) with upper layers of sand, clayey sands, sandy clays and clays of different particle sizes over sandy clays and clays. In order to determine the above reasons and soil characteristics, it is often necessary to conduct additional soil examinations, which in general will lead to an increase in the cost of construction and exploration work [27] In this case, it became necessary to create a geotechnical base for the city of Nur-Sultan, which allows digitalizing the existing data of engineering and geological surveys to this day and is able to preliminarily determine the vertical profiles of soil layers using existing boreholes data [28,29]; contribute to a more accurate determination of the pile length and its sufficient bearing capacity
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