Abstract
The ability for metacognitive thought, or “thinking about thinking,” is recognized as an increasingly important skill for the future enrichment of social life. However, this skill is difficult to teach because it involves implicit cognitive activities that cannot be perceived by an outside observer. In this study, we propose an interpretation framework of metacognition as one approach to considering metacognitive thinking processes. This framework serves as the design principles for developing a system that makes it possible to provide metacognitive interpretations of gaze behaviors and thought operation actions and provides a common basis for sharing and comparing knowledge from analysis results. In this study, for an example of framework-based system development, we construct a thinking externalization application and thinking analysis support system with a thinking task of dissolving belief conflict as the theme. We also demonstrate an example of the analysis of thinking about belief conflict, as derived from lower-level and higher-level thinking interpretation rules. From the example results of the defined interpretation rules, we found that the desired behavior occurred, demonstrating the postulated possibility of capturing the thought process. By realizing a series of phases on the framework proposed in this paper, it contributes to the feasibility of grasping the metacognition process and accumulating knowledge about it.
Highlights
Owing to the multitude of beliefs in social life, there has been no shortage of attempts to directly confront difficult problems by defining unique solutions
To demonstrate that a mechanism leading to system development and utilization can be realized, we present the results of a case study of metacognitive interpretation in a corrective context using a thinking task of dissolving belief conflict as an example
We demonstrate the “feasibility” of specific work processes of the proposed framework by designing, developing, and utilizing a thinking externalization application and thinking analysis support system around the theme of a thinking task to dissolve belief conflict (“Example system development based on framework” and “Interpretation of thinking processes based on interpretation rules” sections)
Summary
Owing to the multitude of beliefs in social life, there has been no shortage of attempts to directly confront difficult problems by defining unique solutions. The design intention behind the thinking externalization application can be stated in the following terms: on the basis of the specified concepts resulting from limiting the target thinking task, it becomes possible to make clear what type of cognition (base-level thinking) are externalized on the interface in (B) This is a promising idea that increases the chance of capturing a part of meta-level thinking process since a thinker use the application by monitoring (gaze behaviors) and correcting externalized base-level thinking (thought operation actions) in (D). By developing the thinking externalization application in this way, the representation objects on the application interface clarifies what type of output of base-level thinking activity (cognitive activity) are externalized This is the reason why the thinker’s interaction on the thinking representation objects (gaze behaviors and thought operation actions) increases the chance of capturing a part of meta-level thinking process (i.e., semi-metacognitive monitoring and control processes). The system is largely composed of the three areas outlined below, and a timeline visualization screen of interpretation results
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