Development of a SPE/GC/MS method for simultaneous determination of UV filters (Oxybenzone and Octocrylene) and hormones (Estrone, Beta-Estradiol, and Estriol) in aqueous matrices

Abstract

Recently organic ultraviolet filters (UV filters) and estrogenic hormones have drawn attention as emerging contaminants due to their wide diffusion in the environment and potential adverse effects on the aquatic system and human life. In this study, a analytical method was developed using solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by silylation and determination by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the determination of hormones and ultraviolet filters in aqueous samples, as well as their determination in effluents and rainfall drainage canals, in the region of Pelotas/RS/Brazil. Using a statistical treatment with two variables and two levels, the influence of pH and ionic strength was evaluated. Under the best conditions (pH 7 and 10 % NaCl), samples were analyzed and the analytes determined at different concentrations. The presence of UV filters in the raw and treated sewage samples reflects the inefficiency of the treatment for these compounds. The octocrylene UV filter was quantified in all samples ranging from 0.35 µg/L ± 3.3 % to 3.28 µg/L ± 3.3 %. The method proved to be adequate, meeting the analytical requirements of regulatory bodies.