Development of a solid-phase microextraction method for the determination of phthalic acid esters in water

Abstract

Solid-phase microextraction method (SPME) coupled to GC/ECD has been developed and validated for the determination of phthalic acid esters (dimethyl-, diethyl-, di- n-butyl-, butylbenzyl-, di-2-ethylhexyl- and di- n-octyl phthalate) in water samples. Two types of coatings (PDMS, PA), altogether four different kinds of fibers have been investigated. Both parameters affecting the partition of analytes between a fiber coating and aqueous phase (i.e. extraction time, extraction temperature, agitation) and conditions of the thermal desorption in a GC injector were optimized. The final SPME method employing the polyacrylate fiber, extraction time 20 min, heating and stirring of the sample enabled the determination of all six phthalates in water samples. The method showed linear response over four orders of magnitude and the limits of quantification of the method ranged between 0.001 and 0.050 μg l −1. The repeatability expressed as R.S.D. was in the range 4–10% for the spiking level 7 μg l −1 of each analyte. The applicability of the developed SPME method was demonstrated for real water samples.