Abstract
Telemedicine (TM) can revolutionize the impact of diabetic wound care management, along with tools for remote patient monitoring (RPM). There are no low-cost mobile RPM devices for TM technology to provide comprehensive (visual and physiological) clinical assessments. Here, a novel low-cost smartphone-based optical imaging device has been developed to provide physiological measurements of tissues in terms of hemoglobin concentration maps. The device (SmartPhone Oxygenation Tool—SPOT) constitutes an add-on optical module, a smartphone, and a custom app to automate data acquisition while syncing a multi-wavelength near-infrared light-emitting diode (LED) light source (690, 810, 830 nm). The optimal imaging conditions of the SPOT device were determined from signal-to-noise maps. A standard vascular occlusion test was performed in three control subjects to observe changes in hemoglobin concentration maps between rest, occlusion, and release time points on the dorsal of the hand. Hemoglobin concentration maps were compared with and without applying an image de-noising algorithm, single value decomposition. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the hemoglobin concentrations changed significantly across the three-time stamps. Ongoing efforts are in imaging diabetic foot ulcers using the SPOT device to assess its potential as a smart health device for physiological monitoring of wounds remotely.
Highlights
Our research focuses on measuring the tissue oxygenation-based physiological parameter of the wounds using smartphone-based technology
A smartphone-based near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system was developed as a Smartphone Oxygenation Tool (SPOT) device that can measure changes in oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations across a wide field via non-contact imaging
The SPOT device is currently adaptable to an android based smartphone (Samsung Galaxy 7.0)
Summary
Complications from diabetes mellitus (DM) are increasing [1], making DM a major global health problem [2,3,4]. A smartphone-based near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging device was recently developed [21] to measure physiological changes in tissues (in terms of diffuse reflectance signals) across a wide area and without contact. The focus of the current study was to develop a smartphone-based NIR device capable of measuring tissue oxygenation changes in terms of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration maps as a non-contact wide-area imaging approach. As the pressure was released, ∆HbO increased, and ∆HbR decreased, as observed by past researchers [31] This change in response to occlusion was noticeable when surface noise was removed using SVD. The repeatability of these oxygenation changes in response to VOT within subjects will be assessed as part of our future extensive validation studies
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
