Development of a small and transportable de-icing/anti-icing drone-mounted system. Part 1: System design

Abstract

The icing of aircraft on the ground is an important flight safety issue. Aircraft must be de-iced and anti-iced to remove and protect the aircraft from freezing and frozen contamination, respectively, before and during takeoff. Winter de-icing and anti-icing operations are nonetheless costly, require a significant amount of time, and rely on extensive infrastructures. The essential equipment is often not available at smaller airports and remote locations, thereby preventing departures under a range of winter conditions. For sites located in northern Canada, this limitation results in frequent takeoff delays or cancellations during a significant portion of the year. As part of Canada’s Department of National Defence Innovation for Defence Excellence and Security research program, this study aimed to develop a practical solution to mitigate these limitations. This solution involves mounting a ground de-icing/anti-icing system onto a drone for a system that can be readily acquired and stored at smaller airports and remote locations or even be transported within the aircraft itself to ensure the possibility of performing de-icing/anti-icing operations at sites lacking the standard infrastructure. This paper presents the conception and design of a drone-based system that should allow winter operations at small and remote airports where it is not yet available. To do so, a spraying system satisfying the industry requirements is designed and integrated to a selected drone. The calculations were theoretically confirmed as a concept, and a prototype was built to perform laboratory and flight test in the next part of the study.