Abstract
In this study, we developed a liquid–vapor selective microfilter woven into a mesh using polyurethane (PU)–aerogel microfibers. The aerogel particles embedded on the surface of a PU microfiber provided liquid repellent properties, and the liquid–vapor selective microfilter allowed only vaporized chemical substances to pass through, while blocking liquid chemicals and water. An SnO2 nanowire transistor covered with the liquid–vapor selective microfilter was used as a chemical sensor to detect the concentration of chemical substances, such as nitric acid, benzene, and toluene, in water. The time-dependence response of the sensor depending on the type of chemical present in water showed reproducible response and recovery properties for multiple cycles.
Highlights
Because of the rapid increase in the use of chemical products and environmental pollution due to various industries, people are exposed to chemical substances in industrial and living environments
To control the amount of aerogels embedded on the PU microfiber surface, aerogel particles with six different contents (0, 1.1, 2.2, 3.4, 4.5, and 5.6 wt%) were dispersed in 200 mL of the cosolvent containing DI water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to be used as the coagulation liquid. (iii) For the solvent exchange and solidification of the PU– aerogel microfiber, it was placed in the coagulation bath for 30 min. (iv) The PU–aerogel microfiber was removed from the coagulation bath and dried at room temperature for 6 h
The aerogel particles diffuse into the PU microfiber during the solidification of the PU microfiber via the coagulated solution such that the aerogel particles are embedded on the surface and inside the PU microfiber
Summary
Because of the rapid increase in the use of chemical products and environmental pollution due to various industries, people are exposed to chemical substances in industrial and living environments. The main problem in semiconducting channel materials used in semiconductor-type chemical sensors is the difficulty in detecting any change in the electrical characteristics when interacting with specific atoms and molecules, and when interacting with various external environments, in liquid water, which generates distortion in the electrical signal due to excessive reaction.[8,9,10,11] In particular, to accurately measure the concentration of chemical substances in water using a semiconductor-type chemical sensor, the semiconducting channel material should react only with specific atoms and molecules of the gas or vapor to be measured without reacting with the liquids including water. It is impossible to accurately measure the concentration of the chemicals present in water To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop a method to measure the concentration of chemical substances dissolved in water by blocking the water flowing from outside by adding an additional gas–liquid filtering material on top of the sensing channel region
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