Abstract
Rice is one of the staple foods across the world, thus information about its production is essential for ensuring food security. Here, our objective was to develop a method for mapping “boro” rice (i.e., cultivated during the months January to May) in a Bangladeshi context. In this paper, we used a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived 16-day composite of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at 250 m spatial resolution in conjunction with ancillary datasets (i.e., land use map, crop calendar, and ground-based rice production information) during the period 2007–2012. The proposed method consisted of three procedures: (i) ISODATA clustering and determining the boro rice signatures in temporal dimension using data from the period 2007–2009; (ii) formulating a mathematical model for extracting the boro rice areas using data from the period 2007–2009; and (iii) model calibration using data from the period 2007–2009 and its validation using data from the period 2010–2012. The implementation of the abovementioned procedures revealed reasonable agreements between the model (i.e., MODIS-based) and ground-based estimates of boro rice area at both country (i.e., percentage error in the range −0.83–1.42%) and district levels (i.e., r2 in the range 0.69–0.89) during the period 2010–2012. Our proposed method demonstrated its effectiveness in mapping rice system at the regional/country scale.
Highlights
Rice is one of the most important crops that support about 40% of the caloric demands for the people across the world [1]
For each of the years, we found that classes in 2007, in both 2008 and 2009, illustrated the boro rice area
We demonstrated a simple protocol for mapping the boro rice area and its implementation over Bangladesh using a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived 16-day composite of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Summary
Rice is one of the most important crops that support about 40% of the caloric demands for the people across the world [1]. 1980–2010 [5]); (ii) loss of rice producing lands of the country due to both anthropogenic interventions (e.g., developing infrastructures, housing, and industries) and natural degradations (e.g., erosion of the major rivers); (iii) increased frequency and magnitude of the several climate-induced natural hazards (that include monsoon/summer flooding, cyclones in the coastal areas, drought in the dry season especially in the northern region, and saline intrusion in the south-west region of the country) that significantly impact/affect rice production; and (iv) conversion of rice-producing lands into other farming systems (e.g., shrimp farming in the south-west region in particular) The magnitude of these challenges is always dynamic, it would be worthwhile to develop a rice mapping system that would be able to estimate total production in order to ensure food security for the people of Bangladesh. Remote sensing-based methods have already been proven as an effective alternative for mapping rice area [6,7,8,9] and land use/land cover [10,11,12] as well
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